Connecticut Chapter

Orchards in CT

Open the side panel (click icon on the top left of the map) to see the different type of orchards, photos, and more info

Our chapter is working with the CT State, Land Trust organizations, and private land owners to plant chestnuts collected from wild American chestnut trees in the CT forest, grow, cross-breed, and select hybrid chestnut trees to restore the American Chestnut tree in our state and in its native range.

We manage several type of orchard, in partnership with the organization/person who provided the land, depending on the research purpose.

Back-cross Breeding Orchards

Blue on the map.

The back-cross breeding method for chestnut was developed in 1983 and has several key components, each of which requires research orchards for growing trees to be used in selections. The Connecticut Chapter of TACF manages seven back-cross orchards with approximately 3000 BC3F1 Clapper line of resistance, American chestnut backcross material. Each of these was planted from nuts that originated from CT found American chestnut “Mother Trees”

  • The Northern CT Land Trust’s Swann Farm is located in Ellington, CT
  • The Beecher Road Orchard is on Land owned by the Town of Woodbridge, and managed the Woodbridge Land Trust
  • Wigwam Brook is on Land owned by the Litchfield Hills Audubon Society in Litchfield, and managed by Litchfield Hills Audubon
  • Middletown’s Higby Reservoir Site is on Land owned by the City of Middletown, and managed by Middletown Urban Forestry
  • The Salem Orchard is on land owned and managed by Dr. David Bingham.
  • The Great Mountain Forest Orchard is on land owned by the Great Mountain Forest Corporation, and is managed primarily by CT-TACF and the Housatonic Valley Regional High School
  • The Nut Plains Park Orchard is managed by the Guilford Conservation Commission

Seed Orchards

Purple on the map.

One major phase of the breeding program are seed orchards. A seed orchard is the required next step in producing trees for reforestation in CT that have 50% of their DNA from persisting native CT American Chestnut trees that flowered, allowing pollination and collection of nuts. This DNA reflects the native gene pool that is associated with CT’s soils, light periodicity, disease resistance, rainfall patterns, temperature extremes, etc. These factors differ throughout the native chestnut range in the US and even within CT itself. Capturing this diversity is the goal of the CT program, and seed orchards are our organizational focus, and the primary use of our volunteer efforts.

In a seed orchards, we planted 3000 nuts representing crosses between the twenty lines of trees we pollinated and grew in our backcross orchards. We monitor them for resistance and remove the trees until only those very resistant and American chestnut looking trees remain. These trees are 15/16ths “American” in character, morphologically indistinguishable from native American chestnut trees. The key difference is that the resistance to the blight has been bred into them from the Chinese chestnut. Those few trees (twenty) remaining will intercross and produce seed that is expected to grow trees with high resistance to the chestnut blight and the ability to breed true to resistance.

  • Norcross Seed Orchard -Lamb Rd, Stafford – Norcross Wildlife Foundation
  • Winchester Land Trust – Hurlbut Field Parcel – 675 Grantville Rd Winstead, CT 06098 http://www.winchesterlandtrust.org
  • Rock Cobble Farm, South Kent (no public access)

Germ Plasm Conservation Orchard

Green on the map.

A germplasm conservation orchard (GCO) is an orchard collection of diverse wild American chestnut sources. These orchards include sources primarily native to CT, though other sources can be planted as well.  A GCO generally contains 10 seedlings from 10 different mother trees (100 trees) per acre and is often planted over a period of one to several years. We are looking for more land to establish new GCOs (more information here).

  • Manchester Land Conservation Trust GCO – Bush Hill Preserve, 330 Bush Hill Rd., Manchester, CT
  • Wilton Land Conservation Trust GCO – 183 Ridgefield Rd preserve, Wilton, CT

Private properties (no public access)

  • Woodbridge GCO
  • Roxbury GCO
  • Wallingford GCO
  • Haddam Neck GCO
  • Putnam GCO
  • Pomfret GCO

Demonstration & Educational Plantings

Orange on the map.

The various chestnuts; Chinese, Japanese, European, American, even Chinquapin, have different morphology, and what better way to show that an educational planting. We have several educational plantings around the state designed to illustrate the differing morphology, and teach those viewing the display about the chestnut blight story.

  • White Memorial
  • Rocky Top Preserve – Hamden Land Trust (Plantings of several B3F3 hybrid chestnut trees along the Quinnipiac Trail)
  • Deer Lake Scout Reservation – Killingworth (Plantings of several B3F3 hybrid chestnut trees along the Chatfield Trail)
  • Greenwich Land Trust – American Chestnut Sanctuary Orchard (Across the street from 18 Burning Tree Road, Greenwich, CT 06830)

Progeny Testing

There are numerous locations throughout the state where progeny tests are being performed. These are nuts grown at the Meadowview seed orchards (intercrossed trees) as a result of open pollination. This means the mother tree is known and is selected for maximum resistance, and while the father tree is not known, all have likely been selected for resistance. Of course with open pollinations one can never be sure. This is a type of planting with which an individual or organization can participate in either a small or large scale… both contributing to our understanding of the blight resistance of the latest versions of releasable material. This is a great way for citizen scientists to participate in an ecological restoration project.

  • Zemko Sawmill Site owned by the Salem Land Trust
  • Greenwich Land Trust American Chestnut Sanctuary

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A good day at Kentucky Division of Forestry Morgan County Tree Nursery. Collected 60 or so fertile burs (and left many small, infertile burs on the tree … there just were not enough catkins on the other trees to get a “full dose” of pollen to the available female flowers). Next is sorting down the best 50 to ship to Virginia Tech for a research project.

From The American Chestnut Foundation - Kentucky Chapter President Ken Darnell:

“I collected ‘open pollinated’ burs today. Left the bagged (Control Pollinated) burs to further ripen. Will come back in a couple of weeks to check them again. The Americans in Morgan County Nursery definitely mature later than all other flowers and burrs that I have seen around the state…..

Used my folding ladder to get up to the burs to “close clip” off their base stems … rather than using an extension pole to clip off several inches of twigs. That should help next season with more bur production.”
... See MoreSee Less

A good day at Kentucky Division of Forestry Morgan County Tree Nursery. Collected 60 or so fertile burs (and left many small, infertile burs on the tree … there just were not enough catkins on the other trees to get a “full dose” of pollen to the available female flowers). Next is sorting down the best 50 to ship to Virginia Tech for a research project.

From The American Chestnut Foundation - Kentucky Chapter President Ken Darnell:

“I collected ‘open pollinated’ burs today. Left the bagged (Control Pollinated) burs to further ripen. Will come back in a couple of weeks to check them again. The Americans in Morgan County Nursery definitely mature later than all other flowers and burrs that I have seen around the state…..

Used my folding ladder to get up to the burs to “close clip” off their base stems … rather than using an extension pole to clip off several inches of twigs. That should help next season with more bur production.”Image attachmentImage attachment+2Image attachment

11 CommentsComment on Facebook

I would like to acquire a few to see if they will grow in zone 6

How do I grow chestnut trees from my existing tree

Are these “open pollinated” plants with hybrids or are they pollinating pure C. dentata? What are the controlled populations being bagged for specifically?

Nice job! The only thing I see in New York are Chinese  chestnut trees. 

Does Missouri have a chestnut association

I see these on the ground around my property in Fairview North Carolina, 2300 feet elevation blue ridge mountains. They are chestnuts? Chinese or American?

I thought you needed to wait for the burr to fall. Can you harvest right off the tree - how do you know when to do that?

Have a good crop of chestnut still on the trees. What do I do to plantings to get more trees?

How I can harvest my chesnuts? This year I lost 99% of my chesnut production to squirrels depredation.

Karen Cox Gullett, Sue Rupard, EddyPatsy Roberts

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And harvesting continues! This report from the TACF The Georgia Chapter of the American Chestnut Foundation has a great description of the process, what happens after the nuts are picked and processed and also how we work with so many partners like Berry College who helps process the harvested nuts. Also pictured is Kathy Patrick, the volunteer of the year for the entire southern region of TACF. Thank you, Kathy, for your dedication and hard work. We will see you at the Fall Meeting! Note: some of these nuts were harvested at Anna Ruby Falls by staff Member Matt Summers! ... See MoreSee Less

And harvesting continues! This report from the TACF The Georgia Chapter of the American Chestnut Foundation has a great description of the process, what happens after the nuts are picked and processed and also how we work with so many partners like Berry College who helps process the harvested nuts.  Also pictured is Kathy Patrick, the volunteer of the year for the entire southern region of TACF. Thank you, Kathy, for your dedication and hard work. We will see you at the Fall Meeting! Note: some of these nuts were harvested at Anna Ruby Falls by staff Member Matt Summers!Image attachmentImage attachment+3Image attachment

14 CommentsComment on Facebook

Do you ship seeds

This is amazing!

Hope to see more saplings at Shieling State Forest soon. I walk thru every weekend.

Is there any way to get some seedlings

Let us hope this is exceptional news, I wish we could grow chestnuts here in Kansas zone 6.

I'd love to have an American Chestnut tree in my field.

Where will they be planted?

Newbee here, why does the tree bark look so narly?

How can someone purchase seedlings

They’re fallin in Southern Ohio!

Do you ship seeds or saplings? If so will they grow in northern Michigan

Chinese chestnut trees are for sale at Walmart .. I prefer American. Where can I find them… Ohio

I remember my college days at SFA in Nacogdoches Texas 1st year dendrology . On our lab one week we were sampling trees in a neighborhood close to campus instead out in the woods. We came up on a so called (ringer) or a tree not included in our textbook. Because I had spent a lot of time in North Carolina I recognized right off as an American chestnut and got to go home early. Now how it got there nobody knows but it’s still there torturing new dendrology students today under the watchful eye of the forestry department at SFA,

They are selling saplings at fryberg fair for $20 each.

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Carolinas Chapter member Jon Taylor recently spent 10 days collecting chestnut burs from 18 wild trees spanning Alabama to Connecticut. This was his third annual chestnut harvest, and the nuts he collected will get planted in several different germplasm conservation orchards. The goal is that some of these will eventually become mother trees and receive transgenic pollen.

1st photo: An American chestnut tree on the Appalachian Trail in central Pennsylvania

2nd photo: Jon Taylor with newly discovered American chestnut tree in Connecticut
... See MoreSee Less

Carolinas Chapter member Jon Taylor recently spent 10 days collecting chestnut burs from 18 wild trees spanning Alabama to Connecticut. This was his third annual chestnut harvest, and the nuts he collected will get planted in several different germplasm conservation orchards. The goal is that some of these will eventually become mother trees and receive transgenic pollen.

1st photo: An American chestnut tree on the Appalachian Trail in central Pennsylvania

2nd photo: Jon Taylor with newly discovered American chestnut tree in ConnecticutImage attachmentImage attachment

31 CommentsComment on Facebook

I am curious how to order seedlings? We've got acreage in Western NC mountains and we'd love to plant lots of these.

Such important work. ❤️❤️❤️

Thank for your efforts Jon!

Way cool!

I would love to get some blight resistant trees so I could spread the chestnut 🌰 tree love 🌳

Found some chestnuts while hiking in the Smokies this week.

My mom has a sizable one in her yard in Brevard, NC with no signs of blight. It has seeds every year.

I have lots of chestnut trees on my farm in WV. How do I know if they are American chestnuts or not?

Wonderful!

I truly hope that this effort is successful. It would be a great thing to see the chestnut become a major tree once again across the Eastern to Central US.

Good !

Nice finds! Here is the one I found on my farm. Western PA It's around 50 feet tall.

Awesome!

I had a chestnut 🌰 tree that got to be 40 inches round and plenty of chestnuts but one year it got dark and looked like it caught the blight. It was a shock to me because my papa had planted it from a seed. I have 2 more That look like bushes. But I’m afraid they also are prone to catching the blight.

A question for the experts…would it be possible to grow a tree in zone 5b Chicago? Congratulations on this wonderful mission.

The tree on #1 looks more like a shagbark hickory than a chestnut. I have both growing on my property.

I really need some seedlings!!!

Looks like my chestnut tree

These are blight resistant?

I love you’re using biotechnology to solve this problem. I wonder if you partner with the biotech industry you could move quicker and more efficient.

I love anyone on a mission, but I especially love THIS mission. Thank you.

Is there a report of any in Red Creek, NY?

They must have been something to behold.in Pre Columbus . America

There is a grove in Orleans, MA.

I know where some of these are in Middelsboro Kentucky where I grew up

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